James
Price Johnson was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1894. He was a ragtime
turned stride pianist whose composition, “The Charleston,” became one of the
anthems of the “jazz age” of the Twenties. Johnson and Jelly Roll Morton were
probably the two pianists most responsible for taking ragtime music and turning
it into jazz via the piano.
Although
he started out playing ragtime music in the tradition of Scott Joplin, Johnson
became the innovator of a jazz sub-genre of piano playing that was dubbed, “stride.”
This piano style got its name from the walking or “striding” sound produced by
the pianist’s left hand. Stride piano incorporated elements of the blues and it
allowed for on the spot improvisation which is an essential characteristic of
jazz music. Ragtime was a rigidly composed form of music which stifled improvisation.
A future
jazz star, Fats Waller, would become Johnson’s protégé’, adopt his stride style,
and later expose it to the masses.
Johnson
was a prolific composer, and he wrote some of the most familiar compositions of
the roaring Twenties. Aside from the Charleston, he penned, “You’ve Got to Be
Modernistic,” “If I Could Be with You One Hour Tonight,” “Carolina Shout,”
“Keep Off The Grass,” and “Old Fashioned Love,” among others. In addition to
jazz and pop tunes, Johnson wrote waltzes, ballets and symphonic pieces.
Johnson’s
finest recordings can be found on a number of compilation albums including the
multi-volume “Chronological Classics: James P. Johnson” (1996) series and “Snowy
Morning Blues” (1991), “Harlem Stride Piano” (1992), and “Father of Stride
Piano” (2001).
